- Passed by Congress in 1867
- Divided the South into 5 military districts, each commanded by a Union general and policed by Union soldiers
- Temporarily deprived many former Confederates of the right to vote
- Strict conditions for readmission to the US – ratify 14th amendment, suffrage for freedmen
- Set up a military regime of dubious legality – Ex Parte Milligan
- Union Generals and soldiers stayed until the Republican, or “radical” regimes were secured
*It was first referred to as the Reconstruction Act, then Military Reconstruction
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